Comme Gaignières en son temps, les dynamiques actuelles et les politiques publiques d’ouverture des données réinterrogent les dispositifs de collecte, de mise à disposition et d’exploitation des corpus d’informations qui aujourd’hui sont numériques. Se mettent en place des hubs de données, sortes de collections multiformes qui se développent aussi bien en local sur notre territoire qu’au niveau international. Ces objets qui sont aujourd'hui appelés entrepôts de données ne sont pas neutres et détermineront le paysage de la recherche sur le patrimoine de demain. Cette communication entend s’interroger sur ces objets pour lesquels la dimension technique et les interfaces jouent un rôle majeur. Il s’agit aussi de réfléchir dans quelle mesure, comme pour la collection Gaignières, ces outils influent sur nos dynamiques de connaissance. Nous utiliserons pour illustrer nos propos un nouvel outil, que nous souhaitons mettre en perspective : la plateforme open data La Fabrique Numérique du Passé. La Fabrique Numérique du Passé (FNP), plateforme open data pour les données géohistoriques se fixe comme objectif de développer pour les sciences du patrimoine et du passé des outils accessibles de capitalisation et de mise à disposition des données, respectant les principes de l’open data et du fair data. FNP s’adresse aux acteurs de la recherche afin de leur permettre de s’impliquer simplement dans une démarche d’ouverture des données qui prend pied dans le mouvement plus global de l’open science (ouvrirlascience.fr). Plus fonctionnellement, il s’agit d’agglomérer l’information existante et de mettre à disposition de tous, en libre téléchargement, les données produites dans le cadre de projets et programmes de recherche (PCR, ANR, ERC...) dans leur format standard le plus « accessible » afin d’être facilement réutilisables par l’ensemble des acteurs du monde socio-économique et des acteurs du territoire. La Fabrique numérique du passé, permet ainsi de faire la jonction pour nos disciplines entre des lieux de dépôts pérennes (entrepôts de données comme Nakala pour les Sciences Humaines et Sociales), des acteurs qui produisent des données dans le cadre de projets de recherche et un capital de données qui doit être à la fois pérennisé et accessible pour être mobilisé par de nouveaux acteurs. , Like Gaignières in his day, current trends and public policies to open up data are re-examining the mechanisms for collecting, making available and exploiting bodies of information that are now digital. Data hubs are being set up, multiform collections developing both locally in France and internationally. These objects, now known as data warehouses, are not neutral and will determine the landscape of heritage research in the future. The aim of this paper is to examine these objects, whose technical dimension and interfaces play a major role. It will also look at the extent to which, as in the case of the Gaignières collection, these tools influence the dynamics of our knowledge. To illustrate this, we will be using a new tool that we hope to put into perspective: the open data platform La Fabrique Numérique du Passé. La Fabrique Numérique du Passé (FNP), an open data platform for geohistorical data, has set itself the goal of developing accessible tools for the sciences of heritage and the past to capitalise on and make available data, in accordance with the principles of open data and fair data. FNP is aimed at research players, enabling them to get involved in a simple process of opening up data as part of the wider open science movement (ouvrirlascience.fr). More functionally, the aim is to bring together existing information and make the data produced as part of research projects and programmes (PCR, ANR, ERC, etc.) available for free download in the most “accessible” standard format so that it can be easily reused by all socioeconomic players and local stakeholders. The FNP is a way of bridging the gap for our disciplines between permanent repositories (data warehouses such as Nakala for the humanities and social sciences), players who produce data as part of research projects and a pool of data that needs to be both durable and accessible so that it can be mobilised by new players.
Annotated corpora, provided that they adopt international standards and expose data in open format, have many more chances to be easily exploited and reused for different objectives than traditional, analogue corpora. This paper aims at presenting the results of the early adhesion to best practices and principles afterward codified as Open Science and FAIR principles in the frame of projects concerned with digital textual corpora, in a niche area of research such as the pre-Islamic Arabian epigraphy. The case study analysed in this paper is the Digital Archive for the Study of pre-Islamic Arabian inscriptions – DASI, an online annotated corpus of the textual sources from Ancient Arabia, which also exposes its records in standard formats (oai_dc, EpiDoc, EDM) in an OAI-PMH repository. The initiatives of reuse of DASI open data in the frame of the recently ANR-funded project Maparabia (CNRS-CNR) are discussed in the paper, focusing on the exploitation of DASI’s onomastic and geographic data in a new reference tool, the Gazetteer of Ancient Arabia. After introducing DASI and Maparabia projects and highlighting the objectives of the Gazetteer, the paper describes the conceptual model of its database and the module importing data from DASI. The population of the Gazetteer, implying also a data entry and manipulation phase, is exemplified by the case-study of the Ancient South Arabian place ‘Barāqish/Yathill’. Based on the above experience, limitations and opportunities of data reuse and synchronisation issues between systems are discussed.
The information expressed in humanities datasets is inextricably tied to a wider discursive environment that is irreducible to complete formal representation. Humanities scholars must wrestle with this fact when they attempt to publish or consume structured data. The practice of “nanopublication,” which originated in the e-science domain, offers a way to maintain the connection between formal representations of humanities data and its discursive basis. In this paper we describe nanopublication, its potential applicability to the humanities, and our experience curating humanities nanopublications in the PeriodO period gazetteer.
The information expressed in humanities datasets is inextricably tied to a wider discursive environment that is irreducible to complete formal representation. Humanities scholars must wrestle with this fact when they attempt to publish or consume structured data. The practice of “nanopublication,” which originated in the e-science domain, offers a way to maintain the connection between formal representations of humanities data and its discursive basis. In this paper we describe nanopublication, its potential applicability to the humanities, and our experience curating humanities nanopublications in the PeriodO period gazetteer.
Dieser Artikel stellt einen Gazetteer für antike Kalenderdaten vor: Im Zentrum von “Graph of Dated Objects and Texts” (GODOT) steht eine graphenbasierte Modellierung chronologischer Kalenderdaten aus der klassischen Griechisch-Römischen Antike – diese erlaubt ein verlustfreies, flexibles und präzises Aufnehmen aller Bestandteile eines nicht-gregorianischen Datums und nicht nur der Konvertierungen in den Julianischen Kalender, wie sie üblicherweise in Digitalen Editionen bisher vorgenommen wurde. Die stabilen und zitierbaren URIs für Instanzen aus diversen Kalendersystemen können in Digitalen Editionen (Datenbank-basiert oder TEI/XML-basiert) wiederverwendet werden, oder dienen dem Festlegen von Start- und Endpunkten von Periodendefinitionen oder Events.
This article is a report about the progress and current status of the World Historical Gazetteer (whgazetteer.org) (WHG) in the context of its value for helping to organize and record digital and paleographic information. It summarizes the development and functionality of the WHG as a software platform for connecting specialist collections of historical place names. It also reviews the idea of places as entities (rather than simple objects with single labels). It also explains the utility of gazetteers in digital library infrastructure and describes potential future developments.
A digital gazetteer records information associated with specific places. This lesson teaches you how to create a gazetteer from a historical text, using the Linked Places Delimited (LP-TSV) format.
The two case studies here collected provide the occasion for presenting the research work carried out by The Epigraphic Landscape of Athens Project, focused on the relationship between public epigraphy and urban spaces in ancient Athens. The first part, by Chiara Lasagni, focuses on the honorary decrees and statues voted by the Athenian Demos in the years 287-262, and attempts to outline some key coordinates about the epigraphic and ideological landscape produced after the revolt from Demetrius. The second part, by Stefano Tropea, deals with the evolution of the epigraphical landscape of the Athenian asty in the decades from the battle of Pydna of 168 to the second half of the I c. BC.
n/a
This chapter examines the status of the digital study of premodern spatial documents understood as expressions of local knowledge systems. It investigates the tension between the prevalently Cartesian perception of the world underlying modern efforts of mapping and spatial analysis, and the contrasting multiplicity of premodern spatial epistemologies, which reveal deep, multi-layered forms of representation. The first part summarizes the dynamics in the development of spatial knowledge and offers a gallery of examples showing the complexity of premodern spatial descriptions. The second part evaluates current trends in Digital Humanities and examines the ways in which this complexity is (or is not) addressed. The conclusion emphasizes the main issues that still affect the study of premodern spatial perception and proposes some recommendations.
Studying Greek and Latin cultural heritage has always been considered essential to the understanding of important aspects of the roots of current European societies. However, only a small fraction of the total production of texts from ancient Greece and Rome has survived up to the present, leaving many gaps in the historiographic records. Epigraphy, which is the study of inscriptions (epigraphs), helps to fill these gaps. In particular, the goal of epigraphy is to clarify the meanings of epigraphs; to classify their uses according to their dating and cultural contexts; and to study aspects of the writing, the writers, and their “consumers.” Although several research projects have recently been promoted for digitally storing and retrieving data and metadata about epigraphs, there has actually been no attempt to apply data mining technologies to discover previously unknown cultural aspects. In this context, we propose to exploit the temporal dimension associated with epigraphs (dating) by applying a data mining method for novelty detection. The main goal is to discover relational novelty patterns—that is, patterns expressed as logical clauses describing significant variations (in frequency) over the different epochs, in terms of relevant features such as language, writing style, and material. As a case study, we considered the set of Inscriptiones Christianae Vrbis Romae stored in Epigraphic Database Bari, an epigraphic repository. Some patterns discovered by the data mining method were easily deciphered by experts since they captured relevant cultural changes, whereas others disclosed unexpected variations, which might be used to formulate new questions, thus expanding the research opportunities in the field of epigraphy.